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Freshly fried kartoffelpuffer next to southern barbecued ribs. Hand-carved nutcrackers neighboring kitchen utensils made from bullets. A snow machine spouting flurries in the shade of Choctaw Stadium. The blending of Bavarian and Arlington culture at the Texas Christkindl Market brings a smile to Sheri Capehart’s face. Get Arlington news that matters. Sign up for local stories in your inbox every Thursday. Every Christmas for the past 14 years, the Texas Christkindl Market has given Arlington a taste of its German sister city, Bad Königshofen . The bazaar draws inspiration from traditional Christmas markets across Europe, putting vendors from around the world behind holly-decorated wooden stalls. The market is open 11 a.m. to 8 p.m. every day from Nov. 29 to Dec. 23. Each afternoon features a new form of entertainment on the market’s main stage, with performances from local school choirs, North Texas bands and dance groups. The market is a passion project for Capehart, who served on Arlington City Council for 16 years before retiring in 2020. She serves as director of Arlington Sister Cities and now sits on Sister Cities International’s board of directors. Her idea for the festival sprouted during an official winter visit to Bad Königshofen, where she was visiting to honor the retirement of the town’s burgomeister, effectively its mayor. Arlington’s relationship with Königshofen dates back to 1951, when a relationship formed between the German town’s city manager and 23-year-old Arlington mayor Tom Vandergriff. At the time, the cities were similar in size with populations of about 7,000. Bad Königshofen, located a few miles west of the East German border, was overwhelmed by an influx in refugees from the east in the post-World War II political climate, and it needed help supplying food and clothing. Arlington residents, excited to form healing relationships with Germans, started donating supplies to help Bad Königshofen. The relationship has continued since, now evolving into a cultural exchange between Germany and North Texas. In fall 2024, Arlington also became an official friendship city of Rothenburg ob der Tauber, another German city. Capehart knew the German markets would appeal to Texans. When she returned to Arlington, she set to work to win the city’s support, eventually debuting the market in 2011. The market started small, only operating for four days in its first year, but it drew crowds from across North Texas and quickly sold out of German chocolate and crafts. Eric and Kathryn Escutia stumbled upon the market on its 2024 opening day on their way to the Texas Live! entertainment venue. It was a pleasant surprise to find the cozy pocket of Europe among the stadiums, they said. They’ve lived in Arlington for over five years, but this was the first time they heard about the market or the city’s German ties. As Christkindl grew in its early years, Capehart set her eyes on getting on the radar of Käthe Wohlfahrt , a renowned German boutique craft-making brand, to set up shop in Arlington. The company is picky where it shows face, Capehart said, with 10 seasonal locations in North America including the Texas Christkindl Market. Käthe Wohlfahrt would only agree to come to Arlington if the market was open for four weeks — long enough to justify importing products from Germany. Capehart was happy to oblige. Around 20 vendors come from across the world, with most returning each year, said Henry Lewczyk, who manages the market. Vendors sell clothing weavings from Peru, ornaments from Egypt and German concessions from Montana. Robb Pocklington spends his time at the market sitting behind a table of polished gemstones, custom jewelry and geodes. He’s the face of Doc Pock’s Harmonious Rocks and has been a vendor since its first year. Often surrounded by visitors gawking at his geode cracking and polished stone jewelry, he’s watched the market grow, change locations and attract new vendors. “It keeps me busy,” he said. Lewczyk has managed the market since it first opened. Year-round, he keeps in touch with vendors, city officials and stadium managers to ensure Christkindl can open smoothly for the holiday season. Lewczyk’s favorite parts of the job are admittedly cliche, he said. He loves watching children grow up taking photos each year with the market’s Santa Claus, whose face hasn’t changed since 2011. He loves showering families with synthetic snow each night — some of whom have never experienced a flurry. Most of all, Lewczyk loves seeing people smile. So, at a place as jolly as the Christkindl Market, he feels he’s in the right line of work. Drew Shaw is a reporting fellow for the Arlington Report. Contact him at drew.shaw@fortworthreport.org or @shawlings601 . At the Arlington Report, news decisions are made independently of our board members and financial supporters. Read more about our editorial independence policy here . Related Fort Worth Report is certified by the Journalism Trust Initiative for adhering to standards for ethical journalism . Republish This Story Republishing is free for noncommercial entities. Commercial entities are prohibited without a licensing agreement. Contact us for details. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License . Look for the "Republish This Story" button underneath each story. To republish online, simply click the button, copy the html code and paste into your Content Management System (CMS). Do not copy stories straight from the front-end of our web-site. You are required to follow the guidelines and use the republication tool when you share our content. The republication tool generates the appropriate html code. You can’t edit our stories, except to reflect relative changes in time, location and editorial style. You can’t sell or syndicate our stories. Any web site our stories appear on must include a contact for your organization. If you use our stories in any other medium — for example, newsletters or other email campaigns — you must make it clear that the stories are from the Fort Worth Report. In all emails, link directly to the story at fortworthreport.org and not to your website. If you share our stories on social media, please tag us in your posts using @FortWorthReport on Facebook and @FortWorthReport on Twitter. You have to credit Fort Worth Report. Please use “Author Name, Fort Worth Report” in the byline. If you’re not able to add the byline, please include a line at the top of the story that reads: “This story was originally published by Fort Worth Report” and include our website, fortworthreport.org . You can’t edit our stories, except to reflect relative changes in time, location and editorial style. Our stories may appear on pages with ads, but not ads specifically sold against our stories. You can’t sell or syndicate our stories. You can only publish select stories individually — not as a collection. Any web site our stories appear on must include a contact for your organization. If you share our stories on social media, please tag us in your posts using @FortWorthReport on Facebook and @FortWorthReport on Twitter. by Drew Shaw, Arlington Report December 3, 2024
Chatbot therapy: can generative AI treat loneliness?
A new study reveals Dundee as the cleanest city in the UK (or at least according to the sample size), with the highest recorded air and drinking water qualities. With its highest percentage in urban cleanliness and tidiness, Exeter takes second place on the list. Milton Keynes is among the least polluted cities and has the highest quality of green spaces and parks. This is based on a review conducted by Waste Direct . The firm analysed over 40 major cities in the UK to compile a list of the top 10 cleanest ones. As to what constitutes ‘clean’, metrics include air quality, followed by drinking water quality and garbage disposal (as the highest weighted factors). Additional factors, such as the percentage of cleanliness and tidiness, noise pollution, green space quality, and the comfort of public spaces, were weighted equally for each, providing insights into the overall environmental health of the cities. The data was drawn from World Population Review , ensuring reliable measurements across all locations. The top ten were found to be : As indicated above, Dundee is in top spot. The city’s green spaces score of 80 and its high public accessibility reinforce its position as the UK’s cleanest urban centre. Second placed Exeter records the highest score in urban cleanliness metrics, supported by an efficient waste management system. Milton Keynes ranks third with a composite score of 79. The city’s air quality score of 85.71 is among the highest in the study, along with a competitive drinking water quality. The city has the highest rate for green spaces and parks quality at 87.5, ensuring its spot as one of the cleanest cities in the UK. Chester has a composite score of 79.2, ranking fourth on the list. Scoring high in both drinking water at 90 and air quality at 81, the city creates a healthy urban environment supported by a high cleanliness level. Chester exceeds Dundee with a perfect 100 score for its comfortable public spaces, providing plenty of green spaces and parks. Durham ranks fifth with strong drinking water quality. The city achieves a competitive score for cleanliness and offers great green spaces, earning an 86 rating for parks. Durham demonstrates effective environmental management with higher air quality than Exeter and the highest garbage disposal satisfaction rate among all the cities on the list. Oxford holds the sixth position with a composite score of 76.6. The city delivers strong air and good drinking water quality, providing clean and healthy living space. Oxford compensates for its moderate tidiness score with a relatively high percentage of green spaces, earning a score of 88. Belfast ranks seventh with a composite score of 76.2. The city excels in drinking water quality at 86 and earns strong garbage management ratings. Belfast’s well-kept public spaces score high, with one of the highest drinking water quality and accessibility rates, scoring 86.5. The city also has strong results in noise control and maintains high-quality green spaces. York comes eighth among the cleanest UK cities with a 75.9 score. The city has one of the highest public accessibility rates at 88.6 and notable air quality. York gets high marks for excellent noise control, a high public accessibility rating of 87, and quality air standards at 81. Sheffield holds the ninth spot with a composite score of 74. Despite being the largest city in the study with a population of 685,368, Sheffield maintains green space quality at 88 and strong drinking water standards scoring 84.52. Derby completes the list of the cleanest cities in the UK with a composite score of 73. The city has great drinking water quality at 87 and competitive air quality, providing a clean environment. Dr. Tim Sandle is Digital Journal's Editor-at-Large for science news.Tim specializes in science, technology, environmental, business, and health journalism. He is additionally a practising microbiologist; and an author. He is also interested in history, politics and current affairs.
EXT-608 is under clinical development by Extend Biosciences and currently in Phase II for Hypoparathyroidism. According to GlobalData, Phase II drugs for Hypoparathyroidism have a 60% phase transition success rate (PTSR) indication benchmark for progressing into Phase III. GlobalData tracks drug-specific phase transition and likelihood of approval scores, in addition to indication benchmarks based off 18 years of historical drug development data. Attributes of the drug, company and its clinical trials play a fundamental role in drug-specific PTSR and likelihood of approval. EXT-608 overview EXT-607 is under development for the treatment of hypoparathyroidism. It is administered subcutaneously and acts by targeting parathyroid hormone 1 and 2 receptor. The drug candidate is a long-acting version of PTH (1-34) and is developed using D-VITylation platform technology that improves the pharmacokinetic properties of peptides and proteins by fusing with Vitamin-D. Extend Biosciences overview Extend Biosciences is a clinical stage biotechnology company that focuses on the development of a novel drug delivery platform technology. The company’s pipeline products include EXT608 which treats hypoparathyroidism and EXT418 which targets diabetes-induced peripheral neuropathy and cachexia. Extend Biosciences’ D-VITylation platform technology improves the pharmacokinetic properties of peptide- and protein-based therapeutics. The company partners to assist in the discovery, development and commercialization of superior therapeutic peptides and proteins. Biosciences is headquartered in Newton, Massachusetts, the US. For a complete picture of EXT-608’s drug-specific PTSR and LoA scores, This content was updated on 12 April 2024 From Blending expert knowledge with cutting-edge technology, GlobalData’s unrivalled proprietary data will enable you to decode what’s happening in your market. You can make better informed decisions and gain a future-proof advantage over your competitors. , the leading provider of industry intelligence, provided the underlying data, research, and analysis used to produce this article. GlobalData’s Likelihood of Approval analytics tool dynamically assesses and predicts how likely a drug will move to the next stage in clinical development (PTSR), as well as how likely the drug will be approved (LoA). This is based on a combination of machine learning and a proprietary algorithm to process data points from various databases found on GlobalData’s .
AP News Summary at 3:08 p.m. EST
Senate Leader, Bamidele, greets Nigerians at ChristmasPlatform sharing is all but necessary to run a successful car company in the modern world, but which automakers have done it best? Last week we asked you that exciting question and you sounded off. From the logical answers to the absurd, our readers didn’t disappoint. My answer for the best example of platform sharing was the General Motors B Platform, which provided the underpinnings of some of my favorite cars from the nineties. I’m talking about the Buick Roadmaster, Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser, and Chevrolet Caprice estate wagons of the early 1990s. Of course it also underpinned the sedans, but the wagons are so much cooler. From platforms that facilitated some of the finest family cars ever produced, to some of the finest sports cars ever produced, platform sharing allows automakers to invest massive sums of money into the development of new technology and new cars as a whole. We have platform sharing to thank for some of the most loved cars of all time, and these are the best of the best.
LeBron James is going to have to make room for the NFL. Wednesday's doubleheader on Netflix set records as the most-streamed NFL games in U.S. history, with numbers nearly five times more than the NBA. The Baltimore Ravens' 31-2 victory over the Houston Texans averaged 24.3 million while Kansas City's 29-10 win at Pittsburgh averaged 24.1 according to early viewer figures released by Nielsen on Thursday. Nielsen also said there were 65 million U.S. viewers who tuned in for at least one minute of one of the two games. The NBA's five-game slate averaged about 5.25 million viewers per game across ABC, ESPN and its platforms, according to the league and Nielsen. “I love the NFL,” James said in his televised postgame interview Wednesday night. “But Christmas is our day.” While the NBA's Christmas lineup has its best viewer numbers in five years, the NFL has made Christmas one of its tentpole events during the regular season, joining Kickoff Weekend and Thanksgiving. “The numbers speak for themselves and LeBron can have his own view, and I’m sure more people will look at that because of this," said Hans Schroeder, the executive vice president of NFL Media. "But, you know, we’re focused on the NFL and we’re thrilled with the results this year with the Christmas on Netflix and we’re excited to continue to build that over the next couple of years.” Both NFL games surpassed the previous mark of 23 million for last season’s AFC wild-card game between the Miami Dolphins and Chiefs on Peacock. Viewership for Ravens-Texans peaked with the Beyoncé Bowl. The 20-minute halftime performance averaged over 27 million viewers. The viewer figures include the audience on Netflix, mobile viewership on NFL+ and those who tuned in on CBS stations in Pittsburgh, Kansas City, Baltimore and Houston. Global ratings and final U.S. numbers are expected to be available on Tuesday. The NFL's Christmas numbers decreased from last season, but not at the rate that usually happens when something goes from broadcast to streaming. Last year’s three games averaged 28.68 million viewers. The early afternoon contest between the Las Vegas Raiders and Chiefs led the way, averaging 29.48 million on CBS. Once global and Netflix's first-party data is released, both Christmas games should surpass 30 million. The NBA's lineup saw an 84% rise over 2023. One reason for the increase is that all five games were on ABC, compared to two last year. The Los Angeles Lakers’ 115-113 victory over the Golden State Warriors — a game pitting Olympic teammates LeBron James and Stephen Curry — averaged 7.76 million viewers and peaked with about 8.32 million viewers toward the end of the contest, the league said. Those numbers represent the most-watched NBA regular season game in five years. The NBA said all five Christmas games on its schedule — San Antonio at New York in Victor Wembanyama's holiday debut, Minnesota at Dallas, Philadelphia at Boston, Denver at Phoenix and Lakers-Warriors — saw year-over-year viewership increases. Wednesday's numbers pushed NBA viewership for the season across ESPN platforms to up 4% over last season. The league also saw more than 500 million video views on its social media platforms Wednesday, a new record. For the NBA, those are all good signs amid cries that NBA viewership is hurting. “Ratings are down a bit at beginning of the season. But cable television viewership is down double digits so far this year versus last year," NBA Commissioner Adam Silver said earlier this month. “You know, we’re almost at the inflection point where people are watching more programing on streaming than they are on traditional television. And it’s a reason why for our new television deals, which we enter into next year, every game is going to be available on a streaming service.” Part of that new package of television deals that the NBA is entering into next season also increases the number of regular season games broadcast on television from 15 to 75. AP NBA: https://www.apnews.com/hub/NBAYou’re probably familiar with the saying: The higher the hair, the closer to God. But, even if you don’t have heaven-skimming aspirations for your tresses, achieving full and voluminous locks can be doubly difficult for those who have fine or thinning strands or are dealing with hair loss. While more involved and time-intensive solutions exist, such as minoxidil treatments or pricy red light therapy, there are an equal number of temporary yet instant beauty products on the market that can help make hair magically appear thicker than it actually is. Stay tuned to find budge-proof fibers that seamlessly blend with your existing strands to look just like hair, styling mousses that add visible fullness to roots, scalp-concealing sprays, and other effective formulas for bountiful bouffants that’ll fool even you. 1. Hair-building fibers Reviewers call this bottle of hair-building fibers "a best-kept secret" for making hair appear instantly thicker while also concealing bald spots and grays. The fibers, which are made of a keratin protein, work by clinging to existing hair strands for a seamless look and a performance that's resistant to rain, wind or sweat. It's available in nine hair colors. Promising reviews: " Amazing best kept secret! Most folks have never heard of these hair fibers but they really work! When I pull my hair back into a pony tail, the baby hair along the front of my face is thin and a few gray hairs popping in. All you see is my scalp and looks bad so I ordered these hair fibers and with a little sprinkle, you can not see the obvious part that looks like a bald spot! My husband uses the gray fiber because he has some thinning on the top of his scalp. The hair fibers makes his hair look so much fuller and can't see through to his scalp! We both do not use it on a daily basis. Just when we know we will be taking pictures and/or social events. No gimmicks here...works like a charm! A little sprinkle goes a long way! Highly recommend!" — Penny T. "My hair has thinned around my temples and this product was recommended to me by my hair stylist. I love it! It allows me to wear my hair up it a ponytail without looking thin around the hairline. It’s also great for when my gray roots start coming in and I have a couple days until my next hair appointment. Life saver!" — Jackie Gringle Get it from Amazon for $23.70 . 2. A peptide-infused shampoo for thinning hair This gentle purifying shampoo claims to visibly thicken and strengthen hair from root to tip while also eliminating buildup on the scalp. Hyaluronic acid hydrates and thickens, while ceramides aid in promoting strand elasticity and a gluco-peptide reduces future breakage and hair is strong enough to grow. Promising review: "I wouldn’t have believed a review that said my hair would be fuller and thicker and that my sparse spots would disappear after just one use. But that’s exactly what happened. It also leaves my hair shiny and easier to style. Worth every penny." — L. Jensen Get it from Amazon for $42 . 3. A root cover spray This popular hair spray is marketed as a solution to temporarily cover grays in between dye jobs, but reviewers also claim that it can help make hair appear thicker by concealing areas where hair is thinner and the scalp is more noticeable. The lightweight formula claims to be water- and smudge-resistant, residue-free and quick-drying. It comes in up to 11 shades that wash out easily on your next shampoo. Promising review: " I'm a senior with thinning hair and this spray works great . Just be sure to hold it only 4" approx from your scalp and spray for2-3 seconds and move to a new spot on your head where your scalp is showing thru or your roots are showing. Don't hold too far away from your scalp and don't hold it in one spot. It will feel cold, but that stops almost as soon as you are done spraying that spot. It dries in min. It also thickens your hair so your hair will look fuller. Your fingers may get a little spray on them, but it washes right off with a bit of soap. Also this does wash out if you don't like it. It washes out easily." — Jan S-dell Get it from Amazon for $9.74 . 4. A weightless volumizing mousse This isn't the first notable product from Color Wow, the hair care brand known for the viral Dream Coat anti-humidity spray . The Xtra Large Bombshell Volumizer is a weightless pre-styling foam that's made from a proprietary polymer and bamboo that thickens tresses and adds a flexible body. The non-drying formula also doubles as a heat-protectant and promises to leave a glossy and bouncy finish that's free from any sticky residue. Promising review: "I have tried many products for thin hair but this is the first one that actually worked. My hair looks so much better and thicker and it even looks almost cute when I wake up in the morning because it's going everywhere and looking thick. That is a first I am now a regular customer" — Theresa Bailey Get it from Amazon for $12+ (available in three sizes). 5. A pre-styling thickening tonic Aveda's thickening tonic claims to expand hair strands from root to tip using an organic wheat-based and botanical formula. Just apply the product on towel-dried hair prior to styling for a result that can add visual fullness to tresses in just one use. Promising review: "if you have thin, fine hair, this product really helps your hair feel thicker and fuller. I love the way it makes my hair feel." — Julie Get it from Amazon for $34.45 . 6. A volumizing and texture powder This volumizing and texture powder can add a bit of grip and thickness to fine and thinning hair as well as make it easier to achieve up-dos or conceal areas on the scalp that are particularly sparse. Just sprinkle a conservative amount of the transparent and talc-free powder to roots in order to create an instant lift and hold that lasts. Promising reviews: "This hair volumizer is the best! I used to use another brand but the manufacturer discontinued it. I was really upset because I have some hair loss from a past serious illness. My hair stylist recommended the Big Sexy Hair version so I tried it. It works even better than the one I used to use. Makes my hair thicker and fuller! " — BobKat "I like this powder. I have very thin hair, and this makes it feel so much thicker !" — Dee Get it from Amazon for $20.85 . 7. Seamless blending hair thickening fibers Another hair-enhancer that uses fibers to create the illusion of thickness and greater scalp coverage is this powder from Boldify , which features "fibers designed with follicle-mimicking molecules for the most natural blend," according to the brand. Available in 14 shades and four sizes, the fibers claim to stay put until your next shampoo, even if you sweat or get caught in the rain. For extra security, the brand says you can set the fibers with your favorite hairspray or leave as is post application. Promising review: "I have very thin hair and I have always used tinted dry shampoo or root cover up to hide my scalp. I decided I wanted to give this a try and let me tell you it is an absolute must for people with thin hair. I use it every day now to help hide my scalp and in turn my hair looks thicker and it blends in so well that it’s not even noticeable. As an added bonus it is very affordable and way cheaper than how much I was spending on other products. I will say that if you brush it after placing it then it can create streaks so make sure to style then place and pat. But 10/10 recommend for thin hair!" — Diane Miller Get it from Amazon for $13.95+ . 8. A thickening shampoo with UV protectants According to senior shopping writer and beauty aficionado Lourdes Avila Uribe, she's used the Sachajuan thickening shampoo before and definitely found that it left her hair feeling thicker and fuller, without compromising on smoothness. "It has heat and UV protectants and the brand's proprietary thickening technology that can help to create volume and bounciness. It's a great under-the-radar option for people with naturally thin hair," Uribe previously wrote. Promising review: "When I ordered this thickening shampoo, I didn’t have high expectations. I’m happy to say I was wrong!! My hair used to look limp, thin and lifeless an hour after blowing it dry. With this shampoo, my hair seriously looks twice as thick. It may seem pricey, but you don’t need to use a lot for good results. Therefore it lasts a long time. I’m definitely a customer for life!" — Cheryl Champion Get it from Amazon for $17+ (available in three sizes). 9. A pre-blow dry thickening spray This 4.4 out of 5-star thickening spray from R+Co's Dallas line may help those with fine and thinning tresses finally achieve the big Texas hair of their dreams. This pre-styler is packed with good ingredients like an amino acid complex to offer heat protection, conditioning extracts and pro-vitamin B5 which helps add volume at the roots, but sleek control at the ends. Promising review: "R+Co. Dallas thickening spray really works to beef up thin, fine hair. It is easy to apply onto damp hair, and dries to a nice volume of hair where it was very sparse. I really like this product! It works where others have failed, and gives me lush looking, full hair. I have gone completely beige grey, and this product is transforming." — Nicolette Smith Get it from Amazon for $18+ (available in four sizes). 10. A dry volume texture spray Many reviewers liken this texture spray by Living Proof to a dry shampoo that can not only add a flexible fullness to roots, but also refresh unwashed hair and absorb excess oil thanks to the inclusion of microporous minerals and starch in the formula. It uses resins and texturizing molecules to increase the space in between hair fibers and create a buildable and long-lasting hold. Promising reviews: "I love this product, it’s a bit expensive, but the end result is worth it. I’m in my late 70s, have thinning short hair. This product gives more texture and a fuller look ." — Cynthia Troxel "My hair is fine and thin, so after years of using hairspray weighing it down I discovered this product. My stylist mentioned it as a hairspray alternative and to work around the roots similar to dry shampoo. There has been a noticeable change; so much so that a few friends have commented on how much volume my hair has . The smell isn’t off putting or chemical smelling like some products I’ve tried so that’s a plus. It is pricier than the drug store hairspray but definitely worth it in my opinion." — meagan Get it from Amazon for $36+ (available in three sizes). Reviews have been edited for length and/or clarity.
Royal Navy's £3.2billion aircraft carrier stocks up on ammunition and 'increases readiness' as Ukraine military expert says 'World War Three has begun'NEW DELHI — India’s former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, widely regarded as the architect of India’s economic reform program and a landmark nuclear deal with the United States, has died. He was 92. Singh was admitted to New Delhi’s All India Institute of Medical Sciences late Thursday after his health deteriorated due to a “sudden loss of consciousness at home,” the hospital said in a statement. “Resuscitative measures were started immediately at home. He was brought to the Medical Emergency” at 8:06 p.m., the hospital said, but “despite all efforts, he could not be revived and was declared dead at 9:51 p.m.” Singh was being treated for “age-related medical conditions,” the statement said. A mild-mannered technocrat, Singh became one of India’s longest-serving prime ministers for 10 years and leader of the Congress Party in the Parliament’s Upper House, earning a reputation as a man of great personal integrity. He was chosen to fill the role in 2004 by Sonia Gandhi, the widow of assassinated Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi . But his sterling image was tainted by allegations of corruption against his ministers. Singh was reelected in 2009, but his second term as prime minister was clouded by financial scandals and corruption charges over the organization of the 2010 Commonwealth Games. This led to the Congress Party’s crushing defeat in the 2014 national election by the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party under the leadership of Narendra Modi . Singh adopted a low profile after relinquishing the post of prime minister. Prime Minister Modi, who succeeded Singh in 2014, called him one of India’s “most distinguished leaders” who rose from humble origins and left “a strong imprint on our economic policy over the years.” “As our Prime Minister, he made extensive efforts to improve people’s lives,” Modi said in a post on the social platform X. He called Singh’s interventions in Parliament as a lawmaker “insightful” and said “his wisdom and humility were always visible.” Rahul Gandhi, from the same party as Singh and the opposition leader in the lower house of the Indian Parliament, said Singh’s “deep understanding of economics inspired the nation” and that he “led India with immense wisdom and integrity.” “I have lost a mentor and guide. Millions of us who admired him will remember him with the utmost pride,” Gandhi wrote on X. Born on Sept. 26, 1932, in a village in the Punjab province of undivided India, Singh’s brilliant academic career took him to Cambridge University in Britain, where he earned a degree in economics in 1957. He then got his doctorate in economics from Nuffield College at Oxford University in 1962. Singh taught at Panjab University and the prestigious Delhi School of Economics before joining the Indian government in 1971 as economic advisor in the Commerce Ministry. In 1982, he became chief economic adviser to the Finance Ministry. He also served as deputy chair of the Planning Commission and governor of the Reserve Bank of India. As finance minister, Singh in 1991 instituted reforms that opened up the economy and moved India away from a socialist-patterned economy and toward a capitalist model in the face of a huge balance of payments deficit, skirting a potential economic crisis. His accolades include the 1987 Padma Vibhushan Award, India’s second-highest civilian honor; the Jawaharlal Nehru Birth Centenary Award of the Indian Science Congress in 1995; and the Asia Money Award for Finance Minister of the Year in 1993 and 1994. Singh was a member of India’s Upper House of Parliament and was leader of the opposition from 1998 to 2004 before he was named prime minister. He was the first Sikh to hold the country’s top post and made a public apology in Parliament for the 1984 Sikh Massacre in which some 3,000 Sikhs were killed after then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi was assassinated by Sikh bodyguards. Under Singh, India adopted a Right to Information Act in 2005 to promote accountability and transparency from government officials and bureaucrats. He was also instrumental in implementing a welfare scheme that guaranteed at least 100 paid workdays for Indian rural citizens. The coalition government he headed for a decade brought together politicians and parties with differing ideologies that were rivals in the country’s various states. In a move hailed as one of his biggest achievements apart from economic reforms, Singh ended India’s nuclear isolation by signing a deal with the U.S. that gave India access to American nuclear technology. But the deal hit his government adversely, with Communist allies withdrawing support and criticism of the agreement growing within India in 2008 when it was finalized. Singh adopted a pragmatic foreign policy approach, pursuing a peace process with nuclear rival and neighbor Pakistan. But his efforts suffered a major setback after Pakistani militants carried out a massive gun and bomb attack in Mumbai in November 2008. He also tried to end the border dispute with China, brokering a deal to reopen the Nathu La pass into Tibet, which had been closed for more than 40 years. His 1965 book, “India’s Export Trends and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth,” dealt with India’s inward-oriented trade policy. Singh is survived by his wife Gursharan Kaur and three daughters. Associated Press writer Sheikh Saaliq in New Delhi contributed to this report.Eagles QB Kenny Pickett expects to be ‘ready to go’ vs. Cowboys
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